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23andMe bankruptcy leaves control of genetic data from millions in limbo

Close-up of collection kit for personal genomics technology company 23AndMe.
Close-up of collection kit for personal genomics technology company 23AndMe on a retail store shelf in March 2019.
(Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images)

Good morning, and welcome to the Essential California newsletter. It’s Sunday. I’m your host, Andrew J. Campa. Here’s what you need to know:

    They wanted to learn about themselves. Now 23andMe customers worry others will take control of their genetic information

    There were the cases that forced hard truths, such as what happened to Christina Snyder Monahan.

    The Irvine resident received genetic results from a DNA test that showed she was around 50% Persian, though no one in her family was.

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    Then Monahan’s mother acknowledged an “encounter” with a man who was not her husband, but was Christina‘s biological father.

    Such a revelation wouldn’t have been possible without 23andMe, the South San Francisco-based genetic testing company that allowed consumers to send in their DNA and receive valuable information.

    Most of the results were not as dramatic, but confirmed family histories and, in many cases, provided vital medical information.

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    Now Monahan and roughly 15 million other customers are worried about their valuable and private genetic information after 23andMe declared bankruptcy.

    My colleagues Caroline Petrow-Cohen and Stacy Perman reported on the future of that data.

    A rising star’s downfall

    The company was a comet — at one point valued at $6 billion — and was popular for its at-home saliva DNA test kits.

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    23andMe once held “spit parties,” where high-profile celebrity customers hocked into a tube to provide their DNA sample.

    The samples helped people discover entirely new family trees and could reveal consequential health information, such as a genetic predisposition to cancer. The genetic data collected by services similar to 23andMe were used to catch the infamous Golden State Killer in 2018.

    But after an initial surge in business, 23andMe struggled to attract repeat customers and failed to branch out into other venues. Eventually, internal company politics led to a Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing on March 23.

    A bankruptcy court authorized the company to sell off its assets, including its database of genetic information.

    The treasured DNA

    The company’s online terms of service say, “Your sample is processed in an irreversible manner and cannot be returned to you. Any information derived from your sample remains subject to rights we retain as set forth in these Terms.”

    “Genetic information is uniquely sensitive because it reveals immutable characteristics about ourselves,” Sara Geoghegan, senior counsel at the Electronic Privacy Information Center, told The Times recently. “I would be very concerned if I had given a swab to 23andMe. There is little we can do to control what happens to it.”

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    The state jumped in to warn consumers.

    California Atty. Gen. Rob Bonta issued a consumer alert after the bankruptcy announcement to remind Californians of their right to have their genetic data deleted under the Genetic Information Privacy Act and the California Consumer Privacy Act.

    Website crashes and promises

    The 23andMe website crashed recently as customers deleted their data, the Wall Street Journal reported.

    The company issued a statement clarifying that “potential buyers must, among other requirements, agree to comply with 23andMe’s consumer privacy policy and all applicable laws with respect to the treatment of customer data.”

    A company spokesperson declined to comment for this article and referred to previous statements.

    Past problems

    A company data breach in 2023 affected nearly 7 million customers, and last year, 23andMe paid $30 million to settle a class-action lawsuit accusing the company of failing to protect its customers.

    The level of risk 23andMe customers face now largely depends on who ends up buying the company, said Christo Wilson, a Northeastern University computer sciences professor who specializes in online privacy and data security.

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    “People should be worried,” he said. “There’s lots of different actors who would want this data for a lot of different purposes, far beyond what you probably thought you were consenting to when you were just interested in genealogy.”

    What you can do

    “The attorney general of California is suggesting that people delete their accounts and that is making me think twice,” Monahan said. “There might be danger lurking out there or repercussions.”

    Customers can delete their account and request their samples be destroyed. They must log in and navigate to the settings page, where they can also withdraw permission for third-party researchers to use their data.

    For more information on precautions or background, check out the full article.

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    Column One

    Column One is The Times’ home for narrative and long-form journalism. Here’s a great piece from this past week:

    The World Championship Dodgers team poses for a photo with rings during a ring ceremony at Dodger Stadium.
    (Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times)

    Tommy Lasorda had a lot of things to say, many of which still stick in our heads after all these decades. He exulted in the fruits of victory. He dubbed Dodger Stadium “Blue Heaven on Earth.” He warned you might not get into the real heaven if you did not root for the Dodgers. He also had a simple formula for success. “No matter how good you are, you’re going to lose one-third of your games,” Lasorda liked to say. “No matter how bad you are, you’re going to win one-third of your games. It’s the other third that makes the difference.”

    More great reads


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    For your weekend

    The signature flatbread from Zhengyalov Hatz.
    (Dania Maxwell / Los Angeles Times)

    Going out

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    L.A. Affairs

    Get wrapped up in tantalizing stories about dating, relationships and marriage.

    Three people watch car drive off into the distance.
    (Marcy Day / For The Times)

    He was a property manager from Philadelphia. She was a British journalist based in L.A. He was intent on remaining single, while she was on a mission to meet the right man and start a family. The fact he drove a pickup truck only added to the romantic allure. They dated and went everywhere in that blue truck, with her favorite trips heading up the Pacific Coast Highway to Malibu and Ojai. They wed, married and enjoyed life together, until cancer took him. The truck remained through good and bad times before it too broke down. Could she say goodbye again?

    Have a great weekend, from the Essential California team

    Andrew J. Campa, reporter
    Monte Morin, assistant managing editor

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